Effects of Alcohol Use Disorders on the Family Psycho-Social Well-Being in Imenti North Sub-County, Meru County, Kenya

Abstract

Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) among youths aged 15–24 is a growing public health concern that disrupts not only individuals but also the psycho-social well-being of their families. In Imenti North Sub-County, Meru County, families experience emotional distress, social disruptions, and limited coping resources; however, interventions have primarily targeted the affected youths, often overlooking the family context. This study examined the effects of AUD on family emotional and social wellbeing and identified the coping strategies employed by family members. Guided by the Stress Strain Coping Support model (Jim Orford) and Family Systems Theory (Murray Bowen), the study adopted a convergent parallel mixed-methods design. Data were collected from 30 family members using a researcher developed Family Member Questionnaire (FMQ), as well as from 15 in-depth interviews and three focus group discussions. The FMQ demonstrated strong reliability (Cronbach’s α > 0.80). Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, while qualitative data were analyzed thematically. The findings revealed high levels of emotional distress, including anxiety (86.7%), persistent worry (90%), depression (70%), difficulty concentrating (60%), and sleep disturbances (53%). Socially, families reported frequent quarrels (76.6%), financial strain (76.7%), social isolation (70%), and disrupted family events (67%). Coping strategies included prayer (63.3%), open communication, engagement in personal interests, and self-care, which collectively accounted for 65% of coping engagement. In contrast, avoidance and conflict were found to be fewer effective strategies. The study concludes that AUD profoundly undermines family psycho-social well-being and recommends culturally responsive, family centered, and community-based interventions to reduce stigma, strengthen support systems, and improve access to professional care.